Friday 26 August 2016

Are All The Prophets (Peace be upon them) Equal in Status/Rank?


::Contents::

1)      Prophets vary in rank & highest rank is given to one Prophet
2)      Convent of All Prophets to follow the last Prophet
3)      The Holy Prophet is mercy for entire creation
4)      Messengership of Prophet encompasses whole humanity and the entire creation
5)      The highest degree of Prophet will be manifested on day of Judgment
6)      Misunderstandings & Clarification

* * * 

The Prophets (peace be upon them) vary in status. This is something that has been stated by Allah in Quran and by the Prophet in His Sunnah. The belief that our beloved Prophet is Afzalul Bashar, Imam-ul-Ambia is in accordance with Quran & Ahadith. 

1)      Prophets vary in rank & highest rank is given to one Prophet:
Quran States “These are messengers! That in them We caused one to excel upon the other: to some of them Allah spoke: and someone is he who was raised high in degrees over-all, and We gave clear signs to Isa son of Mariam and aided him with holy spirit [Jibreel [al-Baqarah 2:253] 

Based on above verse two points are evident,
a.       The Prophets vary in status & some excel others in status.
b.      And One Prophet is given highest rank over all others, "وَرَفَعَ بَعْضَهُمْ دَرَجَاتٍ" (and someone is he who was raised in degrees over all others). Which indicates highest rank - "Saiey-yidul Mursaleen" (high ranked, the chief/the leader of all the Prophets) given to some Prophet without mention of name. Religious scholars say that this "someone" in the verse stands for the Holy Prophet .

2)      Convent of All Prophets to follow the last Prophet:

Allah took the covenant and pledge from all the Prophets that if Muhammad was sent during the lifetime of any one of them, they would be obliged to leave their sharia and follow our beloved Prophet

“And remember when Allah took the Covenant of the Prophets, saying: ‘Take whatever I gave you from the Book and Wisdom, and afterwards there will come to you a Messenger (Muhammad ) confirming what is with you; you must, then, believe in him and help him.’ Allah said: ‘Do you agree and will you take up My Covenant (which I conclude with you)?’ They said: ‘We agree.’ He said: ‘Then bear witness; and I am with you among the witnesses (for this).’ Then whoever turns away after this, they are the disobedient” [Gist Aal-Imraan 3:81-82]

The Holy Prophet once said: "by Him (Allah) in Whose hand my soul is! if Musa (Prophet Moses) were alive today he would have no option but to follow me". [Gist Musnad Ahmad 14736]

Prophet Jesus who will descend from heavens towards the end of this world, will follow" Shari'ah" of the Holy Prophet . Despite being a Prophet himself, will live as his "Ummati". He will also offer prayer under the leadership of his (Holy Prophef's) Ummati and vicegerent, Imam Mehdi [Muslim 1/293] and “will judge people by law of Quran (not Injeel)” (Bukhari 56/657-658)

3)      The Holy Prophet is mercy for entire creation:
The Holy Quran declares: "We sent you (O' beloved) not but as mercy for all Alameen (all the worlds)”. [Surah Al Anbiya 21:107]

This is also confirmed by Hadees, Prophet said “I have been given five things that were not given to any of the Prophets before me:
a.       I have been supported with fear (cast into the hearts of my enemies) for a distance of one month’s travel
b.      The earth has been made a place of prostration and a means of purification for me, so when the time of prayer comes for any man among my ummah, let him pray
c.       War booty has been permitted for me
d.      A Prophet would be sent only to his own people, but I have been sent to all of mankind; and,
e.      I have been given the power of intercession.” Narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim.

"Aalameen" is plural of "Aalam" (the world) and "Aalam" means all all those things which it contains except for Allah. Thus the Holy Prophet is the mercy and great favour of Allah Almighty to all living and lifeless creatures of the worlds which also include Apostles, Messengers, Prophets and prominent angels and they all receive benefits and favours from his infinitude of blessings and compassion. That's why, Muslim scholars maintain that whatever Divine bounty and favour was given or is given or will be given to the believer or infidel, righteous or sinful, angel or human being, genie or animal, less or more, small or large, from the beginning to the end, for temporal or spiritual benefit, to the soul or the body, visibly or invisibly, from the beginning until now, from now upto the Doomsday, from the Doomsday to the end and from the end to the eternity was, in fact, distributed, is being distributed and will continue to be distributed through the Holy Prophet . All received Allah's mercy through him. He is heir to Allah's kingdom i.e. Allah Almighty has empowered him fully. He receives help directly from Allah and the whole world seek(s) Divine help through him. In brief, what one received or receives from Allah Almighty actually got or gets through him or his sake. The Lord and creator - Allah Almighty is "Rabbil 'Aalameen" (the Sovereign Lord, Nourisher of all the universes) and Holy Prophet is "Rahmatal-lil-'Aalameen"(mercy for all the universes) which reflects "Itlaaq-o-'Umoomiyat" (application of the same word and commonness) between them in respect of "Aalameen" (the worlds, universes).

4)      Messengership of Prophet encompasses whole humanity and the entire creation.

The Holy Prophet is the Prophet for all Humanity. The Holy Quran says:
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا كَافَّةً لِلنَّاسِ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
"and We sent you (O'beloved) not but with such Messengership that encompasses the whole humanity”. [Saba 34:28}

The word "Linnas" (mankind, entire humanity) stands for all humanity which is stressed by the word "Kaaaffa" thereby to declare that the Messengership of the Holy Prophet encircles all the mankind, inclusive of Prophets and Messengers. The Holy Prophet, Sayyidunaa Muhammad is the Messenger of all Apostles, Messengers and Prophets and indeed every living and lifeless creation barring Allah. Therefore, religious scholars emphasize that the Holy Prophet is Messenger for every soul/thing whose creator is Allah. His Messengership encompassing the whole creation is affirmed by Quran in other place.

“Immensely Blessed is He Who has sent down the Quran to His Bondman that he may be a warner to the entire world”. [Al Furqan 25:1]

The religious scholars firmly maintain that the Messengership of the Holy Prophet not only encompasses humanity but also genies, animals, all trees/stones, "Hoor-o-Ghilmaan" (Female Hur and male servants in Paradise), the earth and heavens and mountains, every drop of ocean, every living/non-living, every organic/inorganic, in short each and every particle of the entire world is within the territory of his Messengership.

The Messengership and Mercy of the Holy Prophet encompasses all Apostles, Messengers, Prophets along with their communities, nations and all creations from "Abul Bashar" (father of humanity), Prophet Adam to the Doomsday.

5)      The highest degree of Prophet will be manifested on day of Judgment:
The Holy Prophet Sayyiduna Muhammad is the leader, chief of all the Prophets which is borne out by the fact that he led the prayer of all the Apostles, Messengers and Prophets in masjid-e-Aqsa on Isra wal Miraj (night of ascension). His real greatness and status will be fully manifested on the Doomsday when all Apostles, Messengers and Prophets will gather under his flag, banner.

This is the saheeh (sound) report that was narrated from him, in which he spoke in detail of what will happen on the Day of Resurrection when all the Prophets (peace be upon them) will excuse themselves but Muhammad will come forward to intercede in what is known as the great intercession. Then his Lord, may He be exalted, will honor him by accepting his intercession for the people of that gathering. [Gist Bukhari 93/532]

That will be the station of praise and glory (al-maqaam al-mahmoud) that Allah, may He be blessed and exalted, will not bestow upon any human except Him .

“It may be that your Lord will raise you to maqaaman mahmoodah (a station of praise and glory, i.e., the highest degree which will no one will be granted except Prophet Muhammad.” [al-Isra’ 17:78-79]

From the above it is evident that the Prophets vary in status and highest rank belongs to the last Prophet. Islam does not deny the high status and rank of Prophet instead the high status and extreme love of Allah for the last Prophet is evident from many other verses of Quran and Sahih Narrations, he is undoubtedly at highest rank, for He is Imam ul Ambia, he led them in prayer on Isra wal Miraj, Was taken to journey of heavens and blessed with divine vision, He will be the leader of the sons of Adam on the Day of Resurrection, He is the first among all the Messengers & Pious who will be granted the power of intercession on that Day, He is one for whom it is said “Warafana Laka Zikrak” [94:4] etc. this are explicitly proofs of highest rank.

6)      Misunderstandings & Clarification:
The above verses and facts in no way contradict the following verse, that says that there is no distinction between the Prophets, where no distinction refers to Religion/Emaan. For there is no distinction between their faith and the message they brought, they came with the same faith and they all taught that there is no God other than Allah. ~ La ilaha illa Allah.

“The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and so do the believers. Each one of them believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers “We make no distinction [in faith] between one another of His Messengers. And they say, “We hear, and we obey. We seek Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return.” [Al Baqra 2:285]

With regard to laws, each of them had his own law which was for his people alone. Allah says: “To each among you, We have prescribed a law and a clear way” [al-Maa’idah 5:48]. 

But the way (shari’ah) of our Prophet Muhammad is the most perfect, the best, the most complete and the most beloved to Allah; it abrogates all laws that came before it.

In regards to saheeh ahadeeth “Do not prefer me over Yoonus ibn Mattaa” and “By the One Who chose Moosa over all of creation” – there are two folds in it, one indicates the immense humbleness of the Prophet when speaking of his brothers the Messengers and second prohibiting disrespect of other Prophets based on comparison like people of book used to do, which is also observed in few Muslims from current era who knowingly/unknowingly agree or associate mistake & faults with Prophet Adam, Musa, Younus without having correct understanding and knowing the limitations in matter of Prophets. Whereas, in reality the Prophets are masoom and for a believer it is one of the essential conditions of faith/Eeman (first pillar of Deen) to belief that all Prophets are Masoom and flawless.

Coming back to point of prohibition, what has been prohibited is to belittle or disrespect any Prophet in the sense of degrading others or making comparison of rank with this intention. Our religion preserves the dignity of the Prophets and Messengers, holds them in high esteem and makes believing in all of them one of the pillars of faith; the one who does not believe even in one of the Prophets is not a Muslim. Our religion only speaks well of the Prophets and Messengers All Prophets are Masoom, All came with the same message and Religion Islam, All taught Tawheed, We must love and respect all of them.

To Conclude,
-          The Prophets differ in status and they are at varying levels.
-          All Prophets are Masoom and free from mistakes/sins.
-          The Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad is ranked high among them and indeed in the entire creation.
-          It is not permissible to degrade any Prophet or make comparison between prophets with this intention.

Almighty Allah and His Beloved Prophet knows best.

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